Artikel Review: Parameter Operasional Pirolisis Biomassa
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Abstract
Artikel ini menjelaskan definisi pirolisis dan pentingnya proses pirolisis dalam konversi termokimia biomassa menjadi bahan bakar. Teknologi pirolisis berpotensi untuk dikembangkan karena ketersediaan sumber bahan biomassa yang sangat melimpah, teknologinya mudah untuk dikembangkan, bersifat ramah lingkungan dan menguntungkan secara ekonomi. Dalam teknik pirolisis, beberapa parameter yang mempengaruhi proses pirolisis adalah perlakuan awal biomassa, kadar air dan ukuran partikel bahan, komposisi senyawa biomassa, suhu, laju pemanasan, laju alir gas, waktu tinggal, jenis pirolisis, jenis reaktor pirolisis dan final produk pirolisis. Reaktor pirolisis adalah alat pengurai senyawa-senyawa organik yang dilakukan dengan proses pemanasan tanpa berhubungan langsung dengan udara luar dengan suhu 300-6000C. Beberapa jenis reaktor pirolisis yang sering digunakan adalah Fixed-Bed Pyrolyzer, Bubbling Fluidized-Bed Reactors, Circulating Fluidized Bed, Ultra–Rapid Pyrolyzer, Rotating Cone, Ablative Pyrolyzer dan Vacuum Pyrolyzer. Teknik pirolisis menghasilkan tiga macam produk akhir, yaitu bio-oil, arang (biochar) dan gas.
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